STRFROMD(3)

NAME
strfromd, strfromf, strfroml - convert a floating-point value into a string

SYNOPSIS
#include <stdlib.h>

int strfromd(char *restrict str, size_t n,
             const char *restrict format, double fp);
int strfromf(char *restrict str, size_t n,
             const char *restrict format, float fp);
int strfroml(char *restrict str, size_t n,
             const char *restrict format, long double fp);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

strfromd(), strfromf(), strfroml():
    __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_BFP_EXT__

DESCRIPTION
These functions convert a floating-point value, fp, into a string of characters, str, with a configurable format string. At most n characters are stored into str.

The terminating null character ('\0') is written if and only if n is sufficiently large, otherwise the written string is truncated at n characters.

The strfromd(), strfromf(), and strfroml() functions are equivalent to

    snprintf(str, n, format, fp);

except for the format string.

  Format of the format string
The format string must start with the character '%'. This is followed by an optional precision which starts with the period character (.), followed by an optional decimal integer. If no integer is specified after the period character, a precision of zero is used. Finally, the format string should have one of the conversion specifiers a, A, e, E, f, F, g, or G.

The conversion specifier is applied based on the floating-point type indicated by the function suffix. Therefore, unlike snprintf(), the format string does not have a length modifier character. See snprintf(3) for a detailed description of these conversion specifiers.

The implementation conforms to the C99 standard on conversion of NaN and infinity values:

    If fp is a NaN, +NaN, or -NaN, and f (or a, e, g) is the conversion specifier, the conversion is to "nan", "nan", or "-nan", respectively. If F (or A, E, G) is the conversion specifier, the conversion is to "NAN" or "-NAN".

    Likewise if fp is infinity, it is converted to [-]inf or [-]INF.

A malformed format string results in undefined behavior.

RETURN VALUE
The strfromd(), strfromf(), and strfroml() functions return the number of characters that would have been written in str if n had enough space, not counting the terminating null character. Thus, a return value of n or greater means that the output was truncated.

VERSIONS
The strfromd(), strfromf(), and strfroml() functions are available in glibc since version 2.25.

ATTRIBUTES
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7) and the POSIX Safety Concepts section in GNU C Library manual.

Interface | Attribute | Value
 | Thread safety | MT-Safe locale
 | Asynchronous signal safety | AS-Unsafe heap
 | Asynchronous cancellation safety | AC-Unsafe mem

Note: these attributes are preliminary.

CONFORMING TO
C99, ISO/IEC TS 18661-1.

NOTES
The strfromd(), strfromf(), and strfroml() functions take account of the LC_NUMERIC category of the current locale.

EXAMPLES
To convert the value 12.1 as a float type to a string using decimal notation, resulting in "12.100000":

    #define __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_BFP_EXT__
    #include <stdlib.h>
    int ssize = 10;
    char s[ssize];
    strfromf(s, ssize, "%f", 12.1);

To convert the value 12.3456 as a float type to a string using decimal notation with two digits of precision, resulting in "12.35":

    #define __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_BFP_EXT__
    #include <stdlib.h>
    int ssize = 10;
    char s[ssize];
    strfromf(s, ssize, "%.2f", 12.3456);

To convert the value 12.345e19 as a double type to a string using scientific notation with zero digits of precision, resulting in "1E+20":

    #define __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_BFP_EXT__
    #include <stdlib.h>
    int ssize = 10;
    char s[ssize];
    strfromd(s, ssize, "%.E", 12.345e19);

SEE ALSO
atof(3), snprintf(3), strtod(3)

COLOPHON
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